H-index (also called the Hirsch Index) was developed by a physicist to measure impact & productivity of a researcher. The formula uses number of papers and number of citing references per paper to calculate a score: It is the sum of the Times Cited divided by the number of results found.
Web of Science Citation Report and h-index
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Impact Factor Journal Citation Reports (JCR)
JCR is part of the Web of Knowledge. It can be used to find the Impact Factor, Immediacy Index, Total Cites, Total Articles, or Cited Half-Life of a journal indexed in Web of Knowledge.
Eigenfactor is a rating of the total importance of a scientific journal. Journals are rated according to the number of incoming citations, with citations from highly ranked journals weighted to make a larger contribution to the eigenfactor than those from poorly ranked journals. Read the FAQ on Eigenfactor.
The Scimago Journal Rank (SJR) expresses the average number of weighted citations received in the selected year by the documents published in the selected journal in the three previous years, --i.e. weighted citations received in year X to documents published in the journal in years X-1, X-2 and X-3. Scimago also ranks journals by country.
Altmetrics "An approach called altmetrics—short for alternative metrics—aims to measure Web-driven scholarly interactions, such as how often research is tweeted, blogged about, or bookmarked." Scholars Seek Better Ways to Track Impact Online. The Chronicle of higher education. (01/29/2012)